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Essay about The Role of the Media in Rwandas Violence

Many situations and acts that are unacceptable need a stressor. Stressors are situations and/or events that lead to a catastrophic outcome, such as the Rwanda genocide. The tension between both the Hutu and Tutsi already existed; it only needed something to reach its breaking point – a stressor. On April 6, 1994, the plane that occupied Juvenal Habyarimana, President of Rwanda, and Cyprien Ntaryamina, President of Burundi crashed due to unexplained circumstances. Over the next three months in Rwanda after the crash carrying both Presidents, mass killings began to occur. The kill count escaladed dramatically leaving one million Rwandans dead and two million seeking refugee status among its neighbors: Zaire, Tanzania, and Burundi (Kellow and†¦show more content†¦In the beginning Radio Libre de Mille Collines (RTLM) was not the main source of media coverage, Radio Rwanda was considered the â€Å"official† government station. Thanks to President Habyarimana, Radio Rwanda had been able to broadcast, using the palace – directly across the street from the station – as a direct line in case the power failed. RTLM managed to gain access to this direct line that gradually faded out Radio Rwanda’s signals to a minimal broadcasting network. Through this Radio Rwanda had minimal influence and responsibility over the inflammatory messages RTLM broadcasted making them the main voice of ethnic hatred (Kellow and Steeves 1998, 118). The main source for inflammatory comments and snide remarks situated from RTLM. The stations continuous references and language such as vigilant, fight or kill, defend, and/or exterminate only aided in fanning the flames during the times of low genocide when the kill count dropped in numbers. The constant reference to inyenzi (or cockroach – a term used to describe Tutsi rebels and Tutsi civilians) directed its comments to a particular group, the Tutsi (Straus 2007, 623). Radio can only be deemed effective if there is an audience to broadcast towards. If there is no audience radio broadcasting becomes pointless and ineffective. Its effectiveness is achieved through their popularity and through viewers acceptance of what is being presented. RTLM immediately attracted a large audience, especiallyShow MoreRelatedThe Genocide Of The Rwandan Genocide Essay1711 Words   |  7 PagesFrom The Rwandan Genocide*, he investigates how mass media played a role in the conflict and sponsored violence. Specifically the article focuses on how a popular radio station, the Radio Tà ©là ©vision Libre des Mille Collines or RTLM, encouraged an estimated 51,000 perpetrators from both the militia groups and civilians, or 10% of the overall violence. There are two main mechanisms that Yanagizawa-Drott believe fueled the participation in the violence, â€Å"First, in line with the literature on persuasiveRead MoreRed Cross Involvement Of The Rwandan Genocide1712 Words   |  7 Pagesexclusive role is to protect the lives and self-respect of victims of conflict and internal violence and to offer them aid (Moorehead, 1999). The Red Cross directs and coordinates the international relief activities conducted by the Movement in situations of conflict. It also aims to avoid misery by upholding and strengthening humanitarian law and worldwide charitable values and has its actions overseen by various protocols and convention resolutions. The role of Red Cross in Rwanda’s GenocideRead More Roots of the Rwandan Genocide1739 Words   |  7 Pagesgenocide was also fueled by political factors and social conditions. Rwanda is the smallest sub-Saharan country with a population of about 7 million inhabitants. 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Although there are numerous misleading accounts of the genocide that are constructed on the notion that the â€Å"ancient tribal hatred† triggered and sustained the mass-slaughteringRead MorePolitical Governance in Rwanda904 Words   |  4 PagesPolitical Governance in Rwanda I. Summary: Rawanda a country titled Genocide, massacre, poverty, discrimination, corruption, and violence. However, Rawanda have been receiving considerable amount of funds from international community despite being a dictatorship along with miserable human rights record and instability in region. Rwanda is facing one of the most serious problems with its political governance. Due to dictatorship there is little attention on vast majority and day by day people areRead MoreThe Genocide Of The Rwandan Genocide1421 Words   |  6 PagesPresident Paul Kagame took effective steps in increasing the economy and the International Monetary Fund I.M.F reports than on average the economy as grown 8% annually. The United Nations and Western powers would be criticized and questioned for their roles and lack of involvement and aid in the Rwandan Genocide despite full knowledge of the genocide before and during its occurrence. The UN would then outline a five-point action plan for preventing genocide. Alison Des Forges wrote that ten years afterRead MoreThe Rwandan Genocide And The Genocide1637 Words   |  7 Pagessome 2,500 men, with impressive firepower and equipment, came into eastern Rwanda where they created a safe humanitarian zone. Additionally, the US refrained from using the word genocide because of fear from causing panic (Lemarchand). Instead the media in the US reported the events occurring in Rwanda as â€Å"acts of genocide†. By not calling the terrible events in Rwanda a genocide, the US believed that it had no obligation to intervene. Later on in 1998 President Bill Clinton expressed his regretsRead MoreThe Rwandan Genocide1188 Words   |  5 Pagesgroups: the Tutsi, Hutu, and Twa, which were a very small group of hunters and gatherers. Out of those three groups, the Tutsi occupied 10 percent of powerful leadership roles, which upset the Hutus (20th Century History). After the Germans invaded, Rwanda struggled for independence from Belgium. The Hutus, who were the majority of Rwanda’s population, were put in charge by the Rwandan government. This upset the Tutsis, since they both wanted power. This conflict continued for decades. Before his tragicRead MoreThe Rwandan Genocide : A Perspective Analysis Through Media1166 Words   |  5 PagesJordon Jones Genocides in Comparative Historical Perspective 01:090:292:01 Professor Douglas Greenberg Final Paper 6 December 2015 The Rwandan Genocide: A Perspective Analysis Through Media â€Å"The Tutsis are collaborators with the Belgian colonists. They stole our land. They whipped us. Now they have come back, these Tutsi rebels. They are murderers. They are cockroaches. Rwanda is our Hutu Land. We must squash the infestation. This is RTLM, Hutu Power Radio. Stay Alert. Watch your neighborsRead MoreThe Genocide Of The Rwandan And Tutsi Tribes, Colonialism As The Catalyst For Genocide Essay1243 Words   |  5 PagesThese journals and articles discuss with more detail Rwanda’s History, the history of the Hutu and the Tutsi tribes, Colonialism as the catalyst for genocide in Rwanda. The area this paper will focus on is the role of the media during that time. My goal in this paper is to expand what I read from the course about Genocide in Rwanda into a larger discussion about how media and more specifically radio played a significanant role in inciting violence against the Tutsi. To achieve this goal, I have organized

The Dorothea Orem Self Care Theory - 1232 Words

Nursing has been a profession which promotes health and wellness, advocate for patients and families, take care of the heavy-hearted from pain and suffering, and educate the community. According to the American Nurse s Association Code of Ethics, professional nursing promote health and wellness, protect patients and use optimal abilities to take care of patients while advocating in the care of the individuals, families, communities and populations with no discrimination of persons (ANA, 2015). Nursing theories provide the principles or framework that are needed to practice and help generate further nursing knowledge. Theories are composed of Concepts, definitions, models, propositions, and are based on assumptions (Alligood, 2014). This paper will discuss the Dorothea Orem Self-Care Theory. In addition, the paper will summarize one research study that is relevant to the theory and to my current employment, analyze how the study illustrates practice implications for the theory, and e xplain at least one operational definition for a key concept from the theory. Theory Explanation Dorothea Orem theory of Self-Care came about in the 1970’s. Orem’s theory says that a patient should be able to take care of self in order to obtain optimal health and wellness. The person should have the basic needs of life and be able to perform ADL’s on their own in order to maintain self sufficiency. The basic needs of life can be explained in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs as well; Being able toShow MoreRelatedDorothea Orem s Theory Of Self Care878 Words   |  4 PagesDorothea Orem’s Theory, Metaparadigm and how it relates to Nursing Practice at HealthSouth Sunrise Rehabilitation Hospital According to Petiprin (2015), Dorothea Orem’s theory is used to encourage a person to become more independent. Petiprin (2015) further states that it is true of rehabilitation settings, (Such as,)for example HealthSouth Sunrise Rehabilitation Hospital in which patients are transitioning out of being cared for by physicians and nurses and to exclusive self-care at home. AccordingRead MoreDorothea Orem Self-Care Deficit Theory2485 Words   |  10 PagesOrem Theory Assessment Tricia Burr Elms College Elms College: Division of Nursing Theory Assessment Assignment N: 285 Theorist: _____Dorothea Orem______________________________________ Theory: ______Self-Care Deficit Theory _______________________________ |Credentials |Basic degrees – Diploma from Providence Hospital School of Nursing in Washington DC in 1934; BSN Ed from | |Of author |Catholic University of America in 1939 (Hartweg FleckRead MoreDorothea Orem s Self Care Deficit Theory881 Words   |  4 PagesDorothea Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory Orem saw nursing as a deliberate human action, and believed that anyone with a health related ailment could benefit from nursing. She realized when someone was unable to care for his or herself the individual was suffering from a self-care deficit. This led to the self-care deficit theory. There are three theories within the one theory: the theory of nursing systems, the theory of self-care deficits, and the theory of self-care (Creasia and Friberg, 2011)Read MoreDorothea Orem : Self Care Deficit Nursing Theory1615 Words   |  7 Pages Dorothea Orem: Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory Timothy Urquhart Chamberlain College of Nursing NR 501: Theoretical Basis for Advanced Nursing Practice September 2015 Dorothea Orem: Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory The art of nursing has been around many years. Like professional medicine, nursing is an ever-changing field in health care. What we learn in school is just a basic foundation of this exciting field in health care. Yet, where did the basic theories of nursing come fromRead MoreDorothea Orem s Self Care Deficit Theory2676 Words   |  11 Pages Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory Jennifer Miller June 21, 2015 Knowledge Development in Nursing Introduction to Theory In 1956, Dorothea Orem made a connection between nursing and self-care in which she developed a theory called the self-care nursing theory. This theory explains why people need nursing care, a structure for the improvement of the sciences of self-care and the knowledge related with these sciences and the processes for the production of the essential care (TaylorRead MoreDorothea Orem and the Conception of the Self-Care Deficit Theory1415 Words   |  6 PagesBackground Dorothea Orem –the theorist who conceived the Self-Care Deficit theory was born in Baltimore, Maryland in 1914. Orem had completed her Masters of Science in Nursing in addition to her Bachelor of Science in Nursing and her Diploma in Nursing (Johnson Weber, 2010). She had worked as an instructor and as a dean in the Catholic University of America located in Washington, DC. She also worked in places such as the Indiana State Board of Health and the U.S. Department of Health, EducationRead MoreDorothea Orem s Self And Care Deficit Theory Of Nursing1008 Words   |  5 Pagespaper is to tell the reader about Dorothea Orem’s self ­care deficit theory of nursing. Orem was born in 1914 in Baltimore. In Washington, D.C., Orem received her diploma from Providence Hospital. She earned her Bachelor of Science in Nursing and Master of Science in Nursing from Catholic University of America. In 1976, Orem also earned an Honorary Doctor of Science degree. In 1971, Orem†™s self ­care deficit theory was published in N​ursing Concepts of Practice.​Orem worked as a private duty nurse, staffRead MoreDorothea Orem635 Words   |  3 PagesEssay: Dorothea Orem Historical Perspective Essay: Dorothea Orem Introduction The foundation for the nursing profession that provides principles to generate knowledge defines nursing theory. Successful nurses must be rooted in theory and understand the philosophy that drives their actions. Dorothea Orem is a nurse with a vision that studied human behavior, with the core concept of self-care in the patient/nurse relationship. This paper seeks to explain Dorothea Orem’sRead MoreComparison and Analysis Across Theories1142 Words   |  5 PagesComparison and Analysis Across Theories Comparison and Analysis across Theories The purpose of the nursing theories is to provide an interrelating framework focusing on the nursing practice. The defined nursing theories promote better patient care, improve the status of nursing profession, and improve the communication between the nurses, and provide guidance to the researches and education (Keefe, 2011). Not all nursing theories have the same meanings; however, they play the important role ofRead MoreSelf-Care Deficit Theory1670 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Dorothea Orem: Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory Chamberlain College of Nursing NR 501: Theoretical Basis for Advanced Nursing Practice September 2015 Dorothea Orem: Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory The art of nursing has been around many years. Like professional medicine, nursing is an ever-changing field in health care. What we?who learn in school is just a basic foundation of this exciting field in health care. Yet, where did the basic theories of nursing come from? What is nursing

Social Media Research Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Social Media Research. Answer: Project Objectives As Bruce is working on research center for interest of social media, the project is being coined out because of some hefty and large inclination of the world towards social media. Social media has become such a market place which has redefined the boundaries of the world in every context. Social media has drawn people from different genres to come and assemble at a single point of contact. For businesses we can say that social media has brought all the potential buyers or clients under same roof. Generally, people dont see these social media sites such as Facebook, twitter as any marketing agency so they are less likely to take your advertisement as a commercial gag. The social media has tremendously influenced in the business and it has revolutionized the way individuals communicate as well as socialize. Many companies are using the social media to advertise their products, build on the customer loyalty and other functions. Interactions as well as feedback from the customer can help the businesses to understand on the market, and fine tune on their products and the strategies. The social media presence is much cheaper and effective means to enhance popularity of a given project. Social media allows people from any point of globe to express their views, reviews news anything, which is happening in their life or surroundings and these stuffs, can be shared with anyone over the internet. The main objective of this research center is to research on the nature of social media and how it can be helpful in businesses overall. Some of the glimpse we can see as follows- Social media as a never ending market According to Hub post, 92% of the organizations have accepted that existence of social media is very important for their businesses and marketing. Social media is having 2 million new users every day; these stats are of high importance for any brand for its recognition or increasing brand value. Since the daily numbers of users are signing up daily, social media has also become a barometer for quality and quantity analysis. Social media has loyal customers Social media allows the customers to provide review or their views about any product or organization which can be viewed and checked globally. This feature is helpful for the brands with quality products that it gives them loyal customers who are themselves updated with the quality and basics of the products. As the social media become increasingly mainstream, the focus on utilizing various network for marketing has virtually exploded. There has be no doubt that the social media sites offers many opportunity in regards to marketing, but the focus of the social media strategy solely on the marketing for the organization is somewhat limiting. Target achievement- Social media allows any organization or product to target an audience of billion people with very economical measures. This helps the brand in two ways 1. Increases its brand value. 2. Gives them high conversion for their brand or product. Responsive mechanism Social media allows its users to response immediately either be it a client or brand owner. With the feedback mechanism anyone can post a feedback about any product or organization immediately7 and direct to the concern executive. Fair play Competition Social media allows different organizations to play a fair game in marketing their products. The game of social media is to create loyalty of the customers. So the brands have a competition of reaching their potential customers early than the others and earn their loyalty. As a part of our research we will try to find out the nature of social media business by doing following activities We will launch our brand on social media through Facebook page, Twitter handle, Google plus and different social media networking sites. We will launch our web based application which will be connected through intranet. Our website will contain information about doctoral and masters students joining us and all the updates will be managed by Ms. Sonia Reed through intranet. Our website will be connected through our blogs which will be updated on a daily basis about our research. We will be having Mr. Craig Bamworth (expert in social media) on our panel and his valuable inputs will be implemented during the course of our research. Our research will be of additional benefits for the organizations. The advancement and engagements of social media technologies such as blogs, wikis, social networking sites, social tagging, and micro blogging is trending at a rapid pace. An organization always tends to adapt new technologies and advancements to achieve its goals and targets. Recently, a number of experts have suggested that social media technologies blogs, social networking sites like Facebook and twitter, micro blogs, or social tagging are becoming a new way of communication practices in organizations that differ from the traditional computer communication technologies like e-mail, teleconferencing, intranets, decision-support systems, and instant messaging . Moreover, the scholarly literature on the role of social media is taking a new wave in organizations; the business press is issuing many proclamations like: Social media will change your business. It is unbelievable that social media adoption is taking a fast pace within the organizations. However, social media is growing very fast there are some limitations in the adoption and implementation of these technology. Like we can see that the potential customers do not comment on social media. We cannot clearly identify the difference between views and intentions on the basis of a comment or like. To change a product based on comments can be regretful as there are many customers who are happy but they are not commenting. In this research we will learn how to build a sophisticated algorithm using social media which is beneficial for the organization. The social media research will teach us when these algorithms will be beneficial for any organization for their exposure over social media. The knowledge of right content is also crucial for any campaign of social media. We need to learn about the power of words used and the content used to display for any organization. Factors on which the success of the project depends Long term Vision As our research will be dealing with social media we will get to involve with a large number of masses and that needs a long term vision towards our end goal. Strategy Road map Our research is based on a clear goal and objectives and to reach the objectives our approach should be very clear. We have to decide which approach is good and which should be avoided. Prominent Guidelines Our team should have clear guidelines and responsibilities. As the roles must be divided and every member should follow the guidelines according to their responsibilities. Cost objectives Guidelines- every project should be controlled against all the detailed cost budgets in order to ensure that the expenditure has been authorized in the contract or the charter has not been exceeded. The failure to complete the work within the authorized budget could reduce on the proits and the return of the capital invested, with some of the serious financial outcome in cases that are extremes. Factors which should be avoided for the project- Social media research is not just posting an update about any product or organization. Our research comprise of more than the product posting and engaging. Our social media strategy will be a success when we will find and engage directly with target audience. We should avoid following factors during the course of research- Depriving of values Our objectives have some core values and at any given instance of time we should not be deprived of our core values and never ignore them. Inconsistent performance Our research needs a consistent approach towards our objectives which needs to be updated and with every executive and stakeholders and should be worked upon accordingly. MOV This research project is going to take into account of social medias impact in business of organizations and in their products. Through this research we will be able to measure the different factors essential for brands and organizations. The list is as follows Brand Exposure One very important and essential trait for a brand is to get an exposure. Since we will be researching on social media depth and the numeration of users we will be researching that how and how much a brand can be exposed through social media. We can have a look on following metrics Twitter We will take a ratio of our followers on twitter and no of followers who retweeted our tweets. This will help us to define our monthly reach and moreover we can compare our growth on monthly basis. We will track the ratio of followers separately and over a period of time we will be able to measure our exposure. Facebook - In our research we will take a ratio of our number of followers and number of people who liked reviewed and commented on our posts. Facebook has a feature of insight which will automatically tell the stats of your page. The measurement is easy as it is already managed by Facebook insight. YouTube We can measure the number of views on our videos. Apart from views, the trait worth measuring is the subscribers on the channel. The higher the number of the subscribers will help us implement the best practices and improve on the market share. The use of this metrics will be valuable for our research. Blog We can measure the number of visitors over any post which has been posted. Email We can measure the number of emails actually delivered. Prospect Engagement Our research will focus on how the consumer engagement on our posts or their reviews about our products. The metrics will be followed using different tools for different social media platforms. Twitter To measure the consumer engagement, researchers will look down to @replies and the number of times our hash tags have been used. Facebook On Facebook researchers will keep an eye on the replies and comments posted on our posts. Blog Researchers will evaluate the number of comments and subscribers subscribed to the blog. We will research on the activities on post and where they are being shared (i.e., Facebook, Twitter, email, etc.). Measurement of referral traffic will also be countable. Email We will keep a track of number of times an email is being opened and shared. Revenue Generation- Our researchers will work on the measurements of revenue generated through these researches. We will measure the impact of revenue by following these methods. Anecdote The relationship between sales and social media cant be measured or scaled, but we can get a tentative figure out of these comparisons. These figures can be presented to the internal stakeholders. Correlation It is an approach to compare two data set with one another, As a result we can work on better strategies and business tactics for social media revenue. Testing (A/B multivariate) This is an approach that helps the researchers to compare the performance of strategies across different walks, or to compare the performance of any social content. DIRECT COMMERCE: This approach helps us to add an e-commerce plug-in to social media or we can start our online store over social media, most commonly Facebook. It is highly measurable if a brand tracks full engagement. Communication Plan The research project is being worked upon with the purpose of collecting knowledge and facts and figures of current social media trends. Considering the significant popularity of social media, we are researching on the scalability of any organization with the help of social media and how we can generate revenues and brand value of any brand or organization. Our application management team headed by Ms. Sonia Reed is also using the a web based application and social media sites like Facebook and LinkedIn for communicating and promoting the purpose and current transitions of organization. To get some differentiated and encourage interested on social media, there is a need for developing more attractive, interactive and valuable communication and content approaches. The information fetched by the research is being communicated primarily to Ms Sonia Reed as she is the application manager of the team. She will update all the key details on the application and that updation will be monitored by Mr. Bruce. Mr. Bruce will update the research progress to Mr. Alex and the key stakeholders for reviewing. A copy of all the updates will also be sent to Mr. Craig Bamworth to review and give his valuable input. The communications will be held on daily basis so the advancement in the research can be monitored. Purpose for communication A documented strategy defines the success ratio of inclusive of timeline and researchers efficiency. A documented plan makes the idea visible and transparent to the team members andhelps them to keep monitoring about the advances and the developments going on. It also keeps the whole team updated. A documented plan helps the team to work on same strategy and they can improve their skills and their efficiency because of being on same page. The project management plan helps to make sure that the project requirements are fulfilled and to establish the traceability in regards to what has been done, who had done it and when it has been done. The document lays the foundations for quality, traceability and history to both personal document and for the entire project documentation. Mechanism After the objective, audiences bracket confirmation and key messages have been established we can decidehowwe will focus the target audience. What tools and materials we will implement, what will be the budget and what will be the timeline. Right tactic should be implemented on right time. The tactics to be considered include such ideas as: news conference media releases and advisories media kits for distribution meeting with editorial boards letters to the editor speeches online communications direct mailing the reports to key individuals many others Change management The changes will be based on the scope since all the supporting activities to create the deliverables are included in the scope of the project. The team plan to communicate the changes on a daily basis. The team plans to make decision about the changes in regards to the deliverables of the project and the urgent components of the project. Moreover, the regular status meetings as well as the status report will be required by all the members and agreed before engagement. These tactics are the tools we will implement to expose the advancement of our research. Meeting Agenda 1.Daily meeting of 1 hour will be conducted by the project manager to discuss the days goals and previous days accomplishments. This meeting will include Bruce , Sonia Reed and the researchers of the team. Weekly meeting will be held to identify our progress our lags and the a report will be drawn for the previous weeks work. This meeting will include Bruce , Alex, Sonia Reed , Craig Bamworth ,the application development team and the research team. Bibliography EPA research report, nov 2015 Social media marketing industry report 2016 , socialmediaexaminer.com